![]() ![]() On the other hand, positive numbers discharge the link capacitor. ![]() A negative setting inductor current command charges the link capacitor. The inductor current reference of the pulse charger was set according to the set pulse current specification. The control block of the pulse charger is shown in Figure 8. The Proportional-Integral (PI) current controller was applied to equally control the charge and discharge current of the inductor according to the pulse duty. The capacitor discharge current was added to the charger’s charging current to charge the battery. In the D p section, the link capacitor was discharged. The battery was charged by subtracting the link capacitor charge current from the charger current. In the 1- D p section, the link capacitor was charged using the charging current of a conventional charger. Thus, in applications where battery charging/discharging occurs frequently, the proposed pulse charger has the advantage of fast charging in the long run over conventional constant current (CC) chargers. However, it was confirmed that as the battery performance is degraded, the charging speed due to pulse charging increases. The proposed system is similar to the charging speed of the constant current method under new battery conditions. Battery charging data are analyzed according to the current magnitude and duty at 500 Hz and 1000 Hz and 2000 Hz frequency conditions. Various experimental conditions are applied to optimize the charging parameters of the pulse charging technique. The proposed pulse charger is controlled by pulse duty, frequency and magnitude. Pulse charging is applied to 18650 cylindrical lithium ion battery packs with 10 series and 2 parallel structures. To evaluate the performance of the proposed pulse charge method, an add-on type pulse charger prototype is designed and implemented. To verify the feasibility of the proposed DPLL method, the simulation of the 12.5 kW-battery EV charger systems under the ideal and non-ideal grid voltage conditions with the two-level and multi-level converters is tested by comparing between the proposed and existing PLL methods.In this paper, an add-on type pulse charger is proposed to shorten the charging time of a lithium ion battery. A mathematical transfer function of the proposed DPLL method is fully derived and compared with the existing PLL methods by numerically analyzing them in the theory of the bode plot schematic. ![]() With its third-order system, it is more attractive due to the ability to design a better cut-off frequency and better oscillator filtering performance. This makes this system a good candidate for bidirectional power quality control with grid-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-grid modes and constant current, voltage, and power modes for charging batteries. The superiority of the proposed DPLL method is that it provides a more correct approach to the phase angle for the control system. The development of the proposed PLL method is the modification by means of doubly cascading the PLL modules, called the double PLL (DPLL) method. A new phase-lock-loop (PLL) method is proposed to deal with the unusable angle for feeding into the current control in three-phase grid voltage distortion-connected electric vehicle (EV) charger systems. ![]()
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